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Test
I. Open the brackets (Passive).
The Tower of London (build) by William the Conqueror in 1078 as a castle and palace. Since that time it (expand) to its present size, and (use) as an armory, a zoo, a royal mint, a prison, and a museum. At the time when it was a prison a lot of people (lock) in the Tower for their religious beliefs or suspected treason. Anne Boleyn, Sir Walter Raleigh and Elizabeth the First (shut up) there, too. Spies (imprison) in the Tower during both World Wars. Some of the prisoners (allow) to walk in the grounds, live in comfortable rooms and receive visitors. Many convicted (publicity/execute) on Tower Hill. They (behead) with the block and axe, which (keep) and (show) in the Tower Armory now. The Jewel House (situate) at the Tower. The collection of the Crown Jewels (keep) in it. Saint Edward’s Crown, the Imperial State Crown and the royal scepter (guard) there. Saint Edward’s Crown (use) for the coronation ceremonies. 3000 precious jewels (contain) in the Imperial State Crown. In 1671 a daring attempt (make) to steal the Crown Jewels by a man named Captain Blood.

II. Turn the following sentences into Reported speech.
1. “I’ve finished all my work,” she said.
2. “Why are you looking at me like that?” she asked him.
3. “Don’t play with matches,” his mother said.
4. “I’ll clean the car tomorrow,” Tim said to his father.
5. “Where have you been?” Garry asked his wife.
6. “I’ve been working for the same company since 2000,” he said to me.
7. “Do you know Garfield?” she asked me.
8. “Have you seen this film?” Jane asked Helen
9. “I had an argument with Mark yesterday,” said Fiona.
10. “Let’s play chess,” he said.

III. Turn the following passage into indirect speech.
(…Jane asked Sarah how she liked her course….)
“How do you like your course, Sarah?” Jane asked.
“I didn’t like it at all,” Sarah replied. “I’m really enjoying it now.”
“Why did you have doubts about it?” Jane asked.
“Well, there was to much reading, and none of the other students seemed very friendly,” Sarah said. “But now I’ve got used to it and I like it a lot. Do you like your curse?”
“Well, the course is all right, though I’m not as interested in History as I thought I was,” Jane said.
“Why don’t you study something else, then? What about studying English?”Sarah said.
“That is a really good idea, Sarah. Then we could help each other with our work,” Jane said.

IV. Fill in the blanks with responses using so or neither.
D. Hi. I am Dave. I arrived yesterday.
S. …So did I. … The university looks like a nice place. I like it very much.
D. ……………. I don’t know many people here though.
S. …………….. Actually, I haven’t spoken to many people.
D. ……………. What are you studying? I’m going to study History.
S. …………… ! I loved it at school.
D. …………… . I wouldn’t like to teach it, though.
S. ……………. . I want to be an archaeologist.
D. ……………. . I think it is a fascinating subject.
S. …… I can’t imagine spending three years studying Compute Science.
D. ………….. .We seem to agree about everything, don’t we?

V. Complete the dialogue using short answers.
A: Have you seen Peter’s new play?
B: Yes,…I have….. I saw it last week.
A: Did you like it?
B: No, …………. . I was really disappointed.
A: Was the acting all right?
B: Yes, ……. , but the dialogue was boring.
A: Are you going to tell Peter what you thought?
B: No, ………. . I don’t want to offend him.
A: Did you go alone?
B: No, ……….. .Low and Pam come with me.
A: Had they seen Peter’s other play?
B: Yes, ……… .
A: Were they bored as well?
B: No, …………. . They found it interesting.
A: I’d like to see it. Can you get me a ticket?
B: Yes, …………. . Do you want more than one?
A: No, ………….. . I prefer seeing plays alone.
B: Fine. Will you be at home tomorrow evening?
A: Yes, ………….. , after 7 o’clock.
B: Okay. I’ll bring you the ticket then.

VI. Read the text about the state employees.
1. Which paragraph (1-4) do these statements belong to?
a) It is better f

VI. Read the text about the state employees.
1. Which paragraph (1-4) do these statements belong to?
a) It is better for state employees that State raises more money from business taxes.
b) To have and to produce citizen has to work.
c) State employees’ interest is to pay as little tax as possible.
d) State employees work in different professional spheres.
State Employees in Britain
1. State employees are employed by the state. They include national and local government administration, almost all school teachers and university teachers, doctors and medical staff, many research workers, the police, and all the service personnel (cleaners, caterers, technicians, etc) required to make the state organizations function properly. Many other groups of workers are also included. (The author is not distinguishing here between those employed directly or indirectly by central government and those employed by local government. The point is that they are paid out of public money.)
2. Ultimately, their wages come from taxation, both of individuals and businesses, and from taxation on goods and services. So it is in the interests of these employees that the State should raise plenty of money - but preferably from business taxes rather than personal taxes. Also, it would be better if other parts of the State economy were less well-paid, so that they could be better paid. However, from the point of view of employers and employees in private industry, the less taxation the better, because then they will have more money for bigger wages and bigger investments.
3. But employees are not only employees, whether they are employed in the private or the state sector of the economy. They are also taxpayers, whose interest, naturally, is to pay as little tax as possible. And they are also consumers of State services, like health and education, where they want the best service possible-one which is well funded from public money.
4. All these conflicts of interest mean that no part of the economy and no services provided by the society for its members can operate independently. Businesses are not ‘free’, market is not ‘free’, and the State is not ‘free’, though private industry and the state can operate with some freedom. In the middle stands the citizen, who, like any human being anywhere, wants food, housing, warmth, education, medical care, and then opportunities to move about, to enjoy himself, to make his home comfortable, and to make the future secure for his children. In order to do this he has to work, in order – both to produce and to acquire money so that he can buy.

2. Read the text again and decide if these statements are true (T) or false (F).
a) The police are not employed by the state.
b) The state employees are not paid out of public money.
c) The wages of state employees come from charity.
d) The employers and employees in private industry want less taxation.
e) The employees are also consumers of State services.
f) Being taxpayers employees want to pay more taxes in order to have better services.

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