Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности (ИСиТ/

1. Both Newton and Leibniz are credited with being the … of calculus.

*mathematicians

*inventors

*legacies

*breakthroughs

2. Calculus was a … that allowed for the solution of previously unsolvable problems.

*rivalry

*breakthrough

*feud

*polymath

3. His machine was called the "calculating clock," and it could add and … six-digit numbers.

4. In conclusion, logarithmic tables were an important computing tool in the past, and their use helped … complex calculations.

5. Match Russian equivalent to English phrases:

A. a square root of 4

B. divide by 4

C. multiply by 4

D. raise to the power of 4

E. add 4

F. корень квадратный из четырех

G. разделить на четыре

H. умножить на четыре

I. возвести в степень четырех

J. прибавить четыре

6. Match the first parts of the sentences with their second part:

A. Wilhelm Schickard’s machine

B. Leibniz's machine

C. Thomas de Colmar’s machine called the Arithmometer,

D. Willgodt T. Odhner’s machine, called the "Millionaire,"

E. was called the "calculating clock," and it could add and subtract six-digit numbers.

F. could perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and it was much more reliable than previous machines.

G. could perform all four basic arithmetic operations, and it was the first commercially successful mechanical calculator.

H. was the first to use a new kind of mechanical mechanism, which made it faster and more reliable than previous machines.

7. Match translations to the English sentences:

A. The Engine worked by using gears and cranks to perform the mathematical calculations.

B. Calculus is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of rates of change and accumulation.

C. Computing machines refer to devices that use mechanical parts to perform calculations or computations.

D. Машина работала с использованием шестеренок и рычагов для выполнения математических вычислений.

E. Исчисление — это раздел математики, который занимается изучением скоростей изменения и накопления.

F. Вычислительные машины относятся к устройствам, которые используют механические части для выполнения вычислений или расчетов.

8. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Calculus is used

2 in a many fields, from

3 physics and engineering

4 to economics and finance

9. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 The mantissa is

2 the decimal part of the logarithm

3 and

4 the integer part

10. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 His logarithmic tables were

2 published in 1614

3 and quickly became

4 popular among mathematicians,

5 scientists, and engineers

11. Put the words and word combinations below in order to form a meaningful sentence:

1 Having paved the way for

2 the digital machines we

3 use today, these early computing machines

4 were important for the development of

5 modern computers

12. Read a programmer’s monologue below and answer the question. Recently, I had the opportunity to get involved in an exciting project where I programmed an interactive tool with a user-friendly interface, replicating the functionality of a traditional arithmetic device. To accomplish this, I utilized a combination of JavaScript, HTML, and CSS to develop the foundation of the program. I wrote code for various functions and operators, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, enabling users to perform calculations easily. I wrote code to replicate the movement of beads along rods to represent numbers. By applying JavaScript's event listeners and DOM manipulation, I ensured a seamless user experience, allowing users to input numbers and interact with the virtual device. The CSS styling brought visual appeal to the interface, enhancing its usability and clarity. Overall, I'm thrilled with the outcome of this project and confident that the implemented code will provide users with an engaging and intuitive o